![]() ![]() Gorbatenko, K.M., Biomass and net production of net zooplankton in the Bering Sea, Izv. Gorbatenko, K.M., Trophodynamics of hydrobionts in the Sea of Okhotsk, Extended Abstract of Doctoral (Biol.) Dissertation, TINRO-Center, Vladivostok 2018. Glubokov, A.I., Alekseev, D.O., and Bizikov, V.A., About walleye pollock cannibalism in the northwestern part of the Bering Sea in the late 1990s, Vopr. and Muromtsev, A.M., Okeanologicheskie osnovy biologicheskoi produktivnosti okeana (Oceanological Foundations of Ocean Biological Productivity), Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1982. 2 (Abstracts of the III All-Union Conference on Marine Biology. and Sokolovskii, A.S., Pollock production in the Sea of Okhotsk, in Tez. TINRO-Tsentr, 2002.ĭulepova, E.P., The use of food supply by nekton during periods of its high abundance in the Sea of Okhotsk, Izv. TINRO-Tsentr, 2006.ĭulepova, E.P., Sravnitel’naya bioproduktivnost’ makroekosistem dal’nevostochnykh morei (Comparative Bioproductivity of Macroecosystems of Far Eastern Seas), Vladivostok: Izd. Ĭhuchukalo, V.I., Pitanie i pishchevye otnosheniya nektona i nektobentosa v dal’nevostochnykh moryakh (Feeding and Nutritional Relationships Between Nekton and Nektobenthos in the Far Eastern Seas), Vladivostok: Izd. and Laevastu, T., Biomass potential of large marine ecosystems: a system approach, in Large Marine Ecosystems Pattern Process and Yield, Washington: American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1990, pp. 188–205.īoldt, J.L., Buckley, T.W., Rooper, C.N., and Aydin, K., Factors influencing cannibalism and abundance of walleye Pollock ( Gadus chalcogramma) on the eastern Bering Sea shelf, 1982–2006, Fish. 88–98.Īltabet, M.A., Nitrogen and carbon isotopic tracers of the source and transformation of particles in the deep sea, in Particle Flux in the Ocean, London: Wiley, 1996, pp. This conclusion is important from the standpoint of the development of grazing aquaculture of valuable pelagic fish, including salmon.Īgatova, A.I., Lapina, N.M., and Torgunova, N.I., Biochemical indicators of trophicity of marine ecosystems, Vopr. The forage base of the Bering Sea is capable of providing food for nekton stock exceeding the current level. ![]() The powerful development of representatives of the 2nd trophic level (mainly copepods and, to a lesser extent, euphausiids) suggests that the level of grazing pressure from planktonic and nektonic predators may be higher. Altogether, the share of the heterotrophic part of the biocenosis in the epipelagic zone of the Bering Sea accounts for about 27% of production. The contribution of the functional groups of the nekton (pollock Gadus chalcogrammus, squid, salmon, and mesopelagic fish) is approximately 1–2 orders of magnitude lower. Excluding primary production, which is 72.6% of gross production in carbon equivalent, microheterotrophs (15.5%) and dominant zooplankton groups (copepods-7.3%, euphausiids-1.9%, chaetognaths-1.1%, and hyperiids-0.5%) contribute most significantly to annual production. The annual production of aquatic organisms in the epipelagic zone of the Bering Sea is exceeds 1 billion tons C/year (1196.8 million tons C/year) or 21.4 billion tons of wet weight. According to long-term average data (1986–2020), 1054.7 million tons C/year of organic matter was produced in epipelagic zone of the Bering Sea at the 1st trophic level, 120.4 million tons C/year, at the 2nd trophic level, 20.7 million tons C/year, at the 3rd trophic level, 0.93 million tons C/year, at the 4th one, 0.015 million tons C/year, at the 5th level. For each group of aquatic organisms, the average indicators of biomass, production, and grazing (feeding) consumption were estimated. The order of magnitude of biomass and production at various trophic levels in the epipelagic community has been calculated, and the main pathways for the transformation of matter and energy in the Bering Sea have been identified.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |